Biochar is produced by carbonizing organic matter under high temperatures in a little to no oxygen environment. There are seven key factors to evaluate biochar, including pH, volatile organic compound content, water holding capacity, ash content, density, pore volume, and surface volume. The choice of raw materials affects the end biochar product, changing its chemical … Read more

Blindness is one of the major disabilities, and individuals who suffer from blindness face numerous challenges as they cannot travel or move from one place to another as easily as other people. This project is being developed to assist blind people so that they can navigate from one location to another without encountering obstacles. It … Read more

Superconductivity is one of the most amazing phenomena in condensed matter physics. Initially, superconductivity was limited to low temperatures, but research has since developed to find High Temperature Superconductors (HTSC). Among these, cuprates have had a remarkable impact. These cuprates were first identified as semiconductor materials and later found to exhibit superconducting properties. In this … Read more

In the era of rapid technological advancement, agriculture is undergoing a digital transformation. Our Crop Disease Detection and Recommendation System helps farmers identify crop diseases and provides recommendations for crop and fertilizer selection through three key services: Disease Detection, Crop Recommendation, and Fertilizer Recommendation. Using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with a 96.69% accuracy, the … Read more

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 80% of the global population relies on traditional medicine for their primary healthcare needs. Even in developed countries, there’s a growing popularity of complementary or alternative medicine. A worldwide survey on national policies and regulations for traditional medicine and herbal medicines reveals that around 50 countries, including … Read more

The development of floating solar technology (FPV) is driven by decarbonization ambitions, the shortage of usable land, efficiency loss at high working cell temperatures, and the need for energy security. In 2024, the growth rate of this technology is expected to surpass 31% because of a combination of government efforts and scientific developments. Global energy … Read more

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have emerged as a revolutionary wireless networking paradigm for dynamically controlling propagation environments. This paper provides a comprehensive investigation of IRS-assisted interference mitigation for mmWave MIMO communication systems. A practical 3D clustered statistical spatial channel model is adopted for accurate analysis. Adaptive passive beamforming is achieved by formulating and solving an … Read more

The study of artificial intelligence (AI) in personalized radiotherapy planning for rare cancers manifests promising possibilities. Radiotherapy, utilizing high-energy ionizing radiation, has advanced with technological developments such as IMRT, SBRT, and IGRT, upgrading precision and facing challenges such as inherent cancer resistance. Rare cancers, accounting for 22% of global diagnoses, experience diagnostic difficulties and finite … Read more

This comprehensive review paper delves substantially into the environment of Electric Vehicles (EVs), starting with a complete introduction to what EVs are and how they work. It follows the evolution of these vehicles from their early beginnings to their current situation, noting major milestones along the path. The article covers the various types of EVs … Read more

Organic agriculture can be defined as an integrated agriculture production management system that promotes sustainability in global food production and enhances soil health, ecological balance, and biological diversity. In the world, the use of organic amendments (compost, vermicompost, cow dung, etc) as nutrient inputs to the soil is currently increasing, and it is becoming an … Read more

Due to the increased levels of environmental degradation arising from conventional plastics, there is a rise in appropriate interventions, especially in the food packaging industry. Covering the basics of conventional plastics, their usage, and potential harm, one must turn their attention to bioplastics. Bioplastics are made from renewable sources like starch, cellulose, polylactic acid (PLA), … Read more

Sri Lanka is a significant player in the shipping industry due to its strategic location in the Indian Ocean. It serves as a vital maritime hub for the transshipment of goods between Asia, Europe, and Africa, with major ports like Colombo Port playing a crucial role in global trade and commerce. When it comes to … Read more

Wind energy has emerged as a prominent renewable energy source, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of wind energy technology, its environmental and social impacts, and future prospects. The historical development of wind energy is discussed, highlighting key milestones and technological advancements. Various … Read more

This literature review examines the balance between microbial exposures and immune interactions in reproductive health, focusing on gametogenesis and embryo development. It discusses how microbes affect reproductive tissues, entry pathways, and impacts on spermatogenesis and oogenesis. The review also explores microbial interference with gamete development and early embryogenesis, emphasizing the immune system’s role, including cytokines … Read more

Given the extensive and widespread utilization of fossil fuels in various sectors, there is a pressing need to explore and develop novel alternative fuels in order to effectively address the increasing global energy demand. The finite nature of fossil fuel reserves has resulted in their rapid depletion, thus highlighting the need to explore sustainable alternatives. … Read more

Cement plants aggravate the critical challenges of anthropogenic environmental pollution, global warming, climate change, and excessive fossil fuel use by emitting 15% of global contaminants. These pollutants have a negative effect on ecosystems and human health. Despite the inevitable utilization of cement-based materials in many fields due to population growth and urbanization, addressing this issue … Read more

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite is used in various industries such as aerospace, automobile, and civil engineering. During the manufacturing stage and end-user stage, carbon fiber composite material is subjected to different kinds of damage, such as delamination, de-bonding, and fiber breakages. Those damages may lead to destroying the application with a life-threatening catastrophe. To identify … Read more

Construction waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams in Sri Lanka. As a developing country construction waste generation is higher than in developed countries. The construction industry will rise and develop with time despite the county’s current economic crisis. Most of the time construction wastes end up in landfills or in an illegal … Read more

The construction industry faces significant labor productivity problems, mostly in developing countries. It is well understood, that the construction industry deals with a variety of workforce issues daily and undergoes external and internal influences such as inflation, experience, and skill of labor, material availability in the market, and an unstable economy, indicating a growing focus … Read more

This paper contains ergonomic hazards and risks affecting both university staff and students by conducting a comprehensive case study within a university premise. The study employs a systematic approach, direct observations, and assessments of workspace design, furniture, and equipment usage. The focus is understanding posture-related discomfort and musculoskeletal issues in the university environment. The findings … Read more