The conversion of mechanical energy from vibrations or pressure to electrical energy is called piezoelectric energy harvesting. In the context of densely populated areas like railway stations, shopping malls, airports and underground transportation systems, the piezoelectric floor tiles have become a sustainable method to harvest the energy of people walking on the floor. This technology can be used to produce renewable energy directly from mechanical stress via piezoelectric materials. The emergency lighting system, evacuation guidance system and alarm systems are integral to modern buildings and underground transportation systems and can become inoperable during disasters or power failures. Recent studies have shown that potential applications of piezoelectric energy harvesting systems, LED exit signs, floor-guiding lights, sound alarms, and wireless safety devices are considered some of the low-power emergency uses. The harvested energy is usually stored by rectifiers and storage circuits for continuous operation under emergency situations. The working principles of piezoelectric energy harvesting frequently used piezoelectric materials, configurations of floor tiles, ways of storing the energy acquired, and application in emergency safety systems are discussed in this review paper. Recent developments, current challenges, and future research directions for energy harvesting applications of pi