Modern buildings experience substantial energy losses through window glazing, compromising overall
energy efficiency. This study presents the design and evaluation of an advanced hybrid window system that
simultaneously reduces thermal transmission and generates electricity. The proposed system integrates low-emissivity
(low-E) coated double glazing with embedded thermoelectric generator (TEG) modules to harvest energy from
temperature gradients across the window. The methodology includes material selection, TEG placement optimization,
thermal modeling, and experimental validation.