Sri Lanka is almost fully electrified now, but we still lean hard on imported fossil fuels to keep the lights on. That’s risky, it leaves us open to price swings, blackouts, and environmental fallouts. And with energy demand climbing by nearly 5% every year, switching to renewables isn’t just smart, it’s urgent. This study focuses on a robust, affordable plan to replace approximately 35% of our daily fossil fuel electricity (i.e., 18.78 GWh per day) with renewables. The new energy mix relies primarily on hydropower (14.27%), solar PV (42.86%), and wind (22.84%), with about 20% from biomass or waste-to-energy. The plan examines in detail the amount of land required, the resources available, grid stability, and how these factors operate across Sri Lanka’s different regions and weather patterns. But it’s not just about electricity. The study also examines transport, which consumes a large share of our fossil fuels and emits substantial emissions. Here, it examines bioethanol and biodiesel as viable alternatives to petrol and diesel, using locally sourced feedstocks such as sugarcane molasses and high-FFA coconut oil.