The construction industry is a key driver of economic growth in Sri Lanka. However, the current economic crisis has significantly impacted the industry, resulting in reduced investment, delayed payments, and project cancellations. These challenges have led to increased stress levels among construction labourers, posing a threat to their well-being and the industry’s sustainable growth and development. This study aims to address the stress experienced by construction labourers due to the ongoing economic crisis in Sri Lanka. An extensive literature review was conducted to explore the concepts related to stress and labour productivity in the construction industry, identifying stressors and symptoms of stress among construction workers. Additionally, global strategies for reducing stress levels were reviewed for applicability in the Sri Lankan context. The study employed a mixed research approach, including literature review, questionnaire surveys, and expert interviews. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaire surveys were used as primary data collection methods, and the primary data analysis was conducted using manual content analysis, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Weighted Mean techniques. The findings offer important understanding into the elements that cause stress, the symptoms affecting construction labourers, and effective strategies for mitigating stress during economic crises. These insights are crucial for policymakers, construction industry stakeholders, and employers to implement measures that address the challenges faced by construction labourers, ultimately enhancing the industry’s productivity and growth.